ADIADE7880 Multiphase Multi-Function Meter Solution with Harmonic Detection

ADI’s ADE7880 is a high-precision three-phase multi-function meter integrated circuit with harmonic detection, with a serial interface and three flexible pulse outputs. The device integrates a second-order Sigma-Delta ADC, a digital integrator, a reference circuit, and needs Enables active (fundamental and harmonic) and apparent power measurements, rms calculations and all signal processing for fundamental active and reactive power measurements, supporting IEC 62053-21, IEC 62053-22, IEC 62053-23, EN 50470 -1, EN 50470-3, ANSI C12.20 and IEEE1459 standards, support IEC 61000-4-7 Class I and Class II accuracy indicators, working voltage 2.4 V to 3.7 V, mainly used in power metering systems, power quality monitoring , solar inverter, process monitoring and protection equipment. This article introduces the ADE7880 main features, block diagram, test circuit and various data measurement data links and harmonic calculation diagrams.

The ADE7880 is high accuracy, 3-phase electrical energy measurement IC with serial interfaces and three flexible pulse outputs. The ADE7880 device incorporates second-order sigma-delta (Σ-Δ) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), a digital integrator , reference circuitry, and all of the signal processing required to perform the total (fundamental and harmonic) active, and apparent energy measurements, rms calculations, as well as fundamental-only active and reactive energy measurements. In addition, the ADE7880 computes the rms of harmonics on the phase and neutral currents and on the phase voltages, together with the active, reactive and apparent powers, and the power factor and harmonic distortion on each harmonic for all phases. Total harmonic distortion plus noise (THD + N) is computed for all currents and voltages. A fixed function digital signal processor (DSP) executes this signal processing. The DSP program is stored in the internal ROM memory.

The ADE7880 device incorporates second-order sigma-delta (Σ-Δ) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), a digital integrator, reference circuitry, and all of the signal processing required to perform the total (fundamental and harmonic) active, and apparent energy measurements, rms calculations, as well as fundamental-only active and reactive energy measurements. In addition, the ADE7880 computes the rms of harmonics on the phase and neutral currents and on the phase voltages, together with the active, reactive and apparent energy powers, and the power factor and harmonic distortion on each harmonic for all phases. Total harmonic distortion plus noise (THD + N) is computed for all currents and voltages. A fixed function digital signal processor (DSP) executes this signal processing. The DSP program is stored in the internal ROM memory. 1 is high accuracy, 3-phase electrical energy measurement IC with serial interfaces and three flexible pulse outputs. The

The ADE7880 is suitable for measuring active, reactive, and apparent energy in various 3-phase configurations, such as wye or delta services with, both, three and four wires. The ADE7880 provides system calibration features for each phase, that is, rms offset correction, phase calibration, and gain calibration. The CF1, CF2, and CF3 logic outputs provide a wide choice of power information: total active powers, apparent powers, or the sum of the current rms values, and fundamental active and reactive powers.

The ADE7880 contains waveform sample registers that allow access to all ADC outputs. The devices also incorporate power quality measurements, such as short duration low or high voltage detections, short duration high current variations, line voltage period measurement, and angles between phase voltages and currents . Two serial interfaces, SPI and I2C, can be used to communicate with the ADE7880. A dedicated high speed interface, the high speed data capture (HSDC) port, can be used in conjunction with I2C to provide access to the ADC outputs and real -time power information. The ADE7880 also has two interrupt request pins, ADE7880 is in a tampering situation. The ADE7880 is available in the 40-lead LFCSP, Pb-free package, pin-for-pin compatible with ADE7854, ADE7858, ADE7868, and ADE7878 devices. IRQ0 and IRQ1, to indicate that an enabled interrupt event has occurred. Three specially designed low power modes ensure the continuity of energy accumulation when the

ADE7880 main features:

Highly accurate; supports IEC 62053-21, IEC 62053-22, IEC 62053-23, EN 50470-1, EN 50470-3, ANSI C12.20, and IEEE1459 standards

Supports IEC 61000-4-7 Class I and Class II accuracy specification

Compatible with 3-phase, 3- or 4-wire (delta or wye), and other 3-phase services

Supplies rms, active, reactive and apparent powers, power factor, THD + N, and harmonic distortion of all harmonics within 2.8 kHz pass band on all phases

Supplies rms and harmonic distortions of all harmonics within 2.8 kHz pass band on neutral current

Less than 1% error in harmonic current and voltage rms, harmonic active and reactive powers over a dynamic range of 2000 to 1 at TA = 25℃

Supplies total (fundamental and harmonic) active and apparent energy and fundamental active/reactive energy on each phase and on the overall system

Less than 0.1% error in active and fundamental reactive energy over a dynamic range of 1000 to 1 at TA = 25℃

Less than 0.2% error in active and fundamental reactive energy over a dynamic range of 5000 to 1 at TA = 25℃

Less than 0.1% error in voltage and current rms over a dynamic range of 1000 to 1 at TA = 25℃

Battery supply input for missing neutral operation

Wide-supply voltage operation: 2.4 V to 3.7 V

Reference: 1.2 V (drift 10 ppm/°C typical) with external overdrive capability

40-lead lead frame chip scale package (LFCSP), Pb-free, pin-for-pin compatible with ADE7854, ADE7858, ADE7868 and ADE7878

ADE7880 application:

Energy metering systems

Power quality monitoring

Solar inverters

Process monitoring

Protective devices

Figure 1. ADE7880 Smart Meter Outline Diagram

Figure 2. ADE7880 Block Diagram

Figure 3. ADE7880 Test Circuit Diagram

Figure 4. ADE7880 Total Useful Power Data Chain

Figure 5. ADE7880 Total Useful Power Accumulation Plot

Figure 6. ADE7880 Basic Unwanted Power Accumulation Diagram

Figure 7. ADE7880 Apparent Power Data Flow and Accumulation Diagram

Figure 8. ADE7880 Energy/Frequency Conversion Diagram

Figure 9. ADE7880 Harmonic Calculation Diagram
For details, see:
http://www.analog.com/static/imported-files/data_sheets/ADE7880.pdf
and
http://www.analog.com/static/imported-files/overviews/ADE7880_Polyphase_Energy_Metering_IC.pdf

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Schneider Electric launches super electrician program to create “MVP” in the field of home improvement

Recently, Schneider Electric, an expert in digital transformation in the field of global energy efficiency management and automation, officially launched the “Super Electrician Program”.

In recent years, with the development of the real estate market, the market size of the building decoration industry has expanded year by year, and the demand for electrical practitioners has also reached its peak. Electrician practitioners have ushered in unprecedented opportunities, and at the same time, the electrical industry is also facing huge challenges.

As an indispensable and important part of the home decoration process, the planning, design, installation and construction of water and electricity lines require the professional thinking and judgment of home improvement electricians in order to ensure that the owners can live safely and worry-free for a long time in the future. At the same time, with the upgrading of consumption levels, owners have put forward higher requirements for the quality of home decoration. Changes in the market environment require electricians to continuously improve their professional level and service capabilities to cope with increasingly complex decoration needs and improve their market competitiveness.

Due to the lack of uniform standards for the entry threshold of practitioners in the home improvement electrician market, and the lack of professional education or training for practitioners, the professional level is limited. Irregular operation will generate various hidden dangers and problems during the installation process, which will bring unnecessary trouble to the owner and the safety of electricity consumption cannot be reliably guaranteed.

Schneider Electric Super Electrician Program Event Poster

In this plan for electricians, Schneider Electric will invite technical experts in the power distribution industry to hold training classes based on its expertise and in-depth cultivation in the field of power distribution, to improve the electrical profession in terms of product knowledge, installation skills, service skills, and appearance. Ability to build super electricians with all-round “eighteen martial arts” in the home improvement industry, helping them become the undisputed “MVP” in the home improvement field. By improving the overall service level and quality of the electrical industry, it will ultimately bring a safer and more professional decoration experience to the owners.

The “Super Electrician Program” will be gradually rolled out in many cities across the country, and electrician groups who participate in electrician training courses can improve their skills in three aspects:

More comprehensive product knowledge: keep pace with the times, keep up with the pace of constantly upgrading power distribution products, and have a comprehensive grasp of product information. Schneider Electric invites professional technical experts to conduct product training on switch panels, circuit breakers, etc., to strengthen the product knowledge of electricians.

More advanced installation skills: Only by mastering the correct installation can ensure the safety of customers. Through unified and standardized installation operation training and practical operation, improving the installation level of electricians can not only improve the beauty of the space, help customers realize more decoration possibilities, but also avoid The occurrence of hidden dangers in electricity consumption ensures the safety of electricity consumption.

More professional service skills: While proficient in professional skills, the “soft” skills in the decoration process cannot be ignored, and the level of electrician service skills has gradually become a judgment standard outside of professional skills. Schneider Electric provides professional and process-based service skills training for electricians to strengthen the communication ability between electricians and customers, optimize service quality, and enhance service professionalism.

In addition, Schneider Electric will also provide super benefits for participating electricians, including training certificates, professional tools, free trials of new products, potential business service opportunities, priority participation in promotional activities and other benefits.

In addition to participating in offline electrician training courses, electrician groups can also register online for Schneider Electric’s electrician image transformation activities. In this event, Schneider Electric will redesign work clothes for electricians and create a new look. On the one hand, the new image can enhance the customer’s recognition of the electrician’s professionalism and help the electrician to win the customer’s trust, and on the other hand, it can enhance the electrician’s sense of honor for the work.

Schneider Electric Super Electrician Retrofit Program Event Poster

If you are a home improvement electrician and want to know first-hand information about the super electrician program, please pay attention to the exclusive platform for professional home improvement electricians – Zhidian Shopping Official WeChat (WeChat ID: wxzdg0001). The first phase of the electrician image transformation plan is in full swing. All electricians who sign up by November 20 will have the opportunity to get the image transformation opportunity. The offline training plan will also be launched in the near future, please continue to pay attention.

As a leader in the power distribution industry, Schneider Electric has not only maintained strong innovation in product research and development. At the same time, Schneider Electric also focuses on the cultivation and promotion of professional and technical personnel. Based on a rich product line and a large number of professional and technical personnel, Schneider Electric continues to send top technical personnel to various industries.

Schneider Electric hopes that through the launch of this “Super Electrician Program”, it will further help electrician practitioners to achieve self-improvement, adapt to market changes, strive to be the most valuable “MVP” in the field of home improvement, and bring more professionalism and professionalism to decoration owners. Safe decoration and electricity experience.

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2020 World Internet Development Index ranking released: the United States is the first and China is the second

At the World Internet Conference and Internet Development Forum, which opened on November 23, the conference blue book composed of “World Internet Development Report 2020” and “China Internet Development Report 2020” was officially released.The Paper Journalist Zhao Shitu

On November 23, the World Internet Conference and Internet Development Forum opened in Wuzhen, Zhejiang. In the afternoon, the blue paper of the conference, compiled by the China Academy of Cyberspace, with the participation of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, National Research Center for Industrial Information Security Development, Peking University, Tsinghua University and other scientific research institutions was officially released.

The blue book is composed of “World Internet Development Report 2020” and “China Internet Development Report 2020”. The World Internet Development Index published among them shows that the United States, China, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Singapore rank in the top five comprehensively.

Six aspects comprehensively measure the Internet development level of 48 countries on five continents

The “World Internet Development Report 2020” in the blue book mentioned that the 2020 World Internet Development Index system selected 48 countries representing the Internet development of five continents for analysis, reflecting the current Internet development status of all continents and major countries in the world.

The development index comprehensively measures and reflects a country’s Internet development level from six aspects: infrastructure, innovation capabilities, industrial development, Internet applications, network security, and network governance.

These 48 countries include the United States, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Chile, and Cuba in the Americas; China, Japan, South Korea, Indonesia, India, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Israel, and Asia. Kazakhstan, Vietnam, Pakistan, Iran; Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Estonia, Finland, Norway, Spain, Switzerland, Denmark, Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, Ukraine, Poland, Ireland, Belgium in Europe; Australia in Oceania , New Zealand; South Africa, Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, Ethiopia in Africa.

The Blue Book concluded that the above-mentioned 48-country Internet Index scores obtained through the calculation of various indicators show that the Internet development of the United States and China is still ahead of other countries, European countries have strong and relatively balanced Internet strength, and Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. Significant progress has been made in the development of the Internet in Africa. Among them, the United States, China, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Singapore rank in the top five comprehensively.

Xia Xueping, Dean of the China Cyberspace Research Institute, introduced that the “World Internet Development Report 2020” is based on a global perspective, with the global spread of the new crown pneumonia epidemic and the profound evolution of the international pattern as the background of the times, focusing on the development of the global Internet to practice new technologies, new applications, and new developments. New question.

The “Blue Book adheres to the’Four Principles and Five Propositions’, and in the face of unilateralism, protectionism, false information, cybercrime, cybersecurity, digital divide and other global issues, it emphasizes the importance and importance of jointly building a community with a shared future in cyberspace. Urgency.” Xia Xueping said.

The number of global Internet users has increased by nearly 300 million compared to last year

The Blue Book mentions that in 2020, global Internet users will continue to grow. According to statistics from the Digital Report 2020, the number of Internet users worldwide is approximately 4.54 billion, with a penetration rate of 59%, an increase of nearly 300 million over 2019.

Many countries have also begun to realize 5G commercial use. For example, as of May 2020, China has opened more than 200,000 5G base stations, and is increasing at a rate of 15,000 new ones every week; Deutsche Telekom's 5G network has covered more than 1,000 cities and towns, and 40 million people use 5G networks; the Netherlands' 5G has already Covers half of the country.

It is worth noting that the “home economy” spawned by the new crown pneumonia epidemic that has occurred since the beginning of this year has promoted the further improvement of personal Internet applications. New models and new business formats such as online medical care, online education, digital entertainment, and digital life are flourishing. developing.

According to the “Global Digital Report” released by We Are Social and Hootsuite, as of June 2020, 3.96 billion people worldwide use social media, accounting for 51% of the total population, a year-on-year increase of 10%.

Xia Xueping analyzed that compared with previous years, the development of the global Internet in 2020 will mainly focus on five aspects: first, countries are increasing the construction of new infrastructure, and the construction of global 5G networks continues to advance; second, the development of digital economy has become the development and promotion of economic An important direction for economic recovery; third, the development of Internet media is more diversified, the network culture is richer, and the governance of online content is more and more important; the fourth is that countries continue to strengthen their cyber security protection capabilities. China puts forward the “Global Data Security Initiative” to jointly maintain data Security; Fifth, the Internet facilitates exchanges and cooperation among countries in the world, and the concept of building a community with a shared future in cyberspace has been widely recognized.

The U.S. still ranks first in many indexes in the world

The Blue Book analysis pointed out that, as the world’s Internet power, the United States has always led the world’s Internet technology innovation and development, such as R&D investment, innovation quality and corporate strength, ranking first in the world.

At the same time, the Blue Book also mentions the US’s strengthening of the supervision of social media platforms, which has aroused global attention. In May 2020, US President Trump signed an executive order that imposed restrictions on social media’s exemption clauses under the Federal Communications Act. The U.S. Department of Justice issued a proposal urging Congress to reduce the protection of online platforms and make these platforms bear greater legal responsibility. This series of actions also made countries realize that social media is an important resource related to political power and security, and governments of various countries have begun to strengthen their response and formulate relevant policies.

The data in the Blue Book also shows that China’s Internet level is second only to the United States, ranking second in the World Internet Development Index. China also ranks in the forefront of multiple index rankings for information infrastructure, innovation capabilities, industrial development, Internet applications, and Internet governance.

The Blue Book pointed out that China’s Internet infrastructure construction is advancing steadily, and certain achievements have been made especially in mobile infrastructure and application infrastructure. In 2020, China will accelerate the deployment of new infrastructure construction, and all parts of the country have made efforts to build digital infrastructure, and a number of major projects have continued to land. At the same time, China’s 5G deployment is accelerating. As of the end of April 2020, China has 2741 financing cases in the 5G field, with a total scale of 250.514 billion yuan. In 2019, the three major operators of China Mobile, China Unicom, and China Telecom invested more than 40 billion yuan in 5G. It is estimated that the investment will be about 180 billion yuan in 2020, with an investment increase of more than 300%.

During the epidemic, China’s Internet-related industries grew against the trend, and some industries represented by cloud IT infrastructure developed rapidly. According to relevant data from Internet data centers, China accounted for 3 of the top five global cloud IT infrastructure revenue providers. In the first quarter of 2020, its global market share totaled more than 21%, which is second only to America.

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Solve the electromagnetic compatibility problem of the motor from the perspective of capacitors, filters, inductances, etc.

“Motors, especially those with brushes, generate a lot of noise. To meet the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility standards, electrical appliances must deal with these noises. The means to solve electromagnetic compatibility are nothing more than capacitors, inductances (chokes), power filters and grounding.

“

Motors, especially those with brushes, generate a lot of noise. To meet the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility standards, electrical appliances must deal with these noises. The means to solve electromagnetic compatibility are nothing more than capacitors, inductances (chokes), power filters and grounding.

Unfortunately, electromagnetic compatibility problems are usually discovered when the product has been thoroughly designed and assembled. It is very difficult to consider electromagnetic compatibility at this time. Manufacturers are not only faced with time constraints, but the project budget has been exhausted. The responsible engineer has been transferred to other projects and cannot solve related problems at any time.

The best time to solve these problems is in the product design stage, not the final stage of the product development cycle. Many tests can be performed before the product is loaded into the final enclosure.

capacitance

The capacitor bypasses the voltage spike by providing a low impedance path to the common end of the noise source. The spike voltage is mainly generated by the motor brushes. The capacitor can be connected between each lead of the motor and the ground, or between two leads. If the spike noise is common mode, the capacitance across the leads has little effect. But this kind of random noise generated by brushes is usually differential mode.

Despite this, connecting a capacitor between the brush and ground will have a great effect. Where to install the capacitor or how to connect it mainly depends on the type of noise faced. The voltage spike is caused by the disconnection of the brush and the commutator contact. The amplitude of the spike can be reduced by changing the brush material to a softer material or increasing the pressure of the brush on the commutator segment. But this will shorten the life cycle of the brushes and other problems.

To make the capacitor have a better filtering effect, the connection line between it and the common ground of the noise source should be as short as possible. The inductance of a wire in free space is about 1nH per inch. If the frequency of the noise generated by the brush is 50-100MHz, and the length of the wire connected to the capacitor is 4-6 inches, then even if the impedance of the capacitor is not considered, only the impedance of the wire inductance already has:

XL = 2πf L = 3.77

The total impedance also needs to add the impedance of the capacitor (0.1μF), XC = 1/2 π f C = 0.159 Ω.

It can be seen from the results that just looking at the impedance of the capacitor, this is a very good bypass filter. However, due to the influence of the lead inductance, it can no longer function as a filter at all. If the length of the wire is shortened to 1 inch, the impedance of the Inductor is only 0.628Ω, and the effect of the filter capacitor is increased by 20%.

When using the motor shell as the ground terminal, the paint on the shell must be removed so that the wire can make good contact with the ground. Relying on the 4 or 5 threads of the connecting screw to connect is not a good way. Even if the product shell is metal, it is a smart choice to install the filter directly on the noise source, rather than close to the noise source or a certain position of the shell. This eliminates the extra lead length, minimizes the impedance of noise returning to the noise source, and has the best filtering effect.

Power line filter

In many products, power line filters are necessary. When the power line filter is installed correctly, it is a simple and convenient way to solve the interference. The power line filter ensures that the power grid is protected from the internal noise pollution of the product. However, as with other filter components, the key point of using power line filters is to ensure that the wires connected to the common end of the noise source are as short as possible.

In the power line filter, there are inductors and capacitors that can filter differential mode and common mode noise. This filter is a simple and economical way to filter out power line interference. The power line filter should be installed at the entrance of the power line. In some products, the filter is installed in the middle of the product, which will cause the radiation interference generated inside the product to couple to the power input terminal, making the filter completely ineffective. Remember the following three points, your product has a greater chance of complying with electromagnetic compatibility standards:

1) Use power line filters;

2) Good system ground wire;

3) The attenuation frequency of the filter is as low as 150kHz;

It is difficult to select a suitable power line filter from the filter product samples. The industry standard stipulates that the characteristics of the filter should be measured under 50Ω input/output conditions. In reality, there is no environment that happens to be 50Ω. When conducting a conducted emission test, connect the line impedance stabilization network (LISN) at the input end of the power cord. This provides a standard test method for all testing organizations.

The main function of LISN is to provide a stable 50Ω impedance for the input of the filter within the test frequency range. The impedance at the output of the filter is determined by the household appliance product itself, which will never be exactly 50Ω. If it happens to be 50Ω, you can use the data on the filter samples to determine which filter performs better. In practice, it is usually necessary to determine the most suitable filter through experimentation.

As a principle, when the actual impedance condition is not clear, the data given in the filter sample can be reduced by 20dB to ensure the effect in the actual product. On two-wire appliances, the filter performance is not as good as on three-wire appliances. The filter has two filtering mechanisms, which are series and bypass. In a two-wire system, only the series filter (inductance) and the line-to-line filter capacitor work, and the line-to-ground capacitor does not work.

Inductance device

Another way to reduce noise is to place an inductance device directly on the brush. The function of the inductance is to prevent sudden changes in the current flowing into the brush when the brush passes through the commutator gap. The inductance of the inductor is about 10 ~ 25μH. The choke coil connected in series in the circuit can be combined with the bypass capacitor to the ground to form a low-pass filter, which can enhance the filtering effect of a single inductor or capacitor. This is very good for suppressing conducted noise.

The difference between a single capacitor and an LC filter is very large. The LC filter has a wider filter bandwidth than a single capacitor, so it has a greater effect on the broadband noise generated by the brush. The filtering technology introduced above can eliminate conducted interference, but the radiated interference generated by spikes also needs to be suppressed. This can be achieved by shielding.

Grounded

Grounding is also a very important method. If the filter is not connected to the ground, the designed performance will not be achieved. For bypass capacitors, if the ground impedance is too large, it will not provide a good bypass function. Excessive impedance here means that the impedance exceeds a few mΩ. The ground wire is the path to eliminate noise.

If a good-performance filter device is used, but a good grounding path is not provided, the filter effect of the device will be greatly reduced. In a non-metal chassis, there is no grounding plate that connects all devices, and filtering is very difficult at this time. To obtain a good ground, you can limit the noise-producing devices to a common ground board.

Designers should note that the state of the wire harness must be very close to the state of the wire harness in the final product. The treatment of the ground wire is very important. If there is no good ground wire, the filter and other electromagnetic compatibility devices cannot work effectively.

In addition, it is recommended to do a simple analysis of the actual circuit, including the motor windings, in order to understand how individual filter components affect noise. This does not require complex computer-aided analysis, as long as the simple relationship between impedance and filter components is understood.

Since the noise generated by the motor has great randomness in amplitude and frequency, it is necessary to make a large margin between the interference emission of the product and the specified limit value. Also, even if the same device is used, the differences between devices are much greater than imagined.

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Talking about the low current input circuit of 6N139 series optocoupler

“This article discusses the idea of ​​a low current input circuit using the 6N139 series optocouplers. Some of these circuit designs are signal detection, transient detection, matrix and unloaded line reception. An example of the 6N139 output circuit and calculation method are also presented.

“

This article discusses the idea of ​​a low current input circuit using the 6N139 series optocouplers. Some of these circuit designs are signal detection, transient detection, matrix and unloaded line reception. An example of the 6N139 output circuit and calculation method are also presented.

Introduction

Advances in optical coupling and LED technology have given us the 6N139. This unique optocoupler has an input LED current specification of 500 µA, opening some interesting design doors. In addition to the obvious and well-known ability to be directly driven by CMOS circuits, the 6N139 can also be considered for signal detection, transient detection, matrix and unloaded line reception. Here are some circuit ideas that excite designers.

Signal Detection

Detection of noise, spikes or oscillations can be easily and directly detected by the input of the 6N139, as shown in the circuit of Figure 1.

6N139 Input circuit for signal detection.

In order to detect bad signals on the DC power supply use:

C = inject 500 microamps into the LED
X = follower latched or non-latched output circuit
LED = input diode of 6N139

A forward current of 50µA is supplied to the LED to charge the LED capacity to the VF level. In this way, the LED does not induce conduction in its output circuit, but is ready to turn on very quickly. Any noise or oscillations on the “DC power supply” will couple through the “C”, resulting in a signal on the LED. Even small unwanted signals can cause large changes in LED forward current. Once the forward current of the LED equals or exceeds 500 microamps, the output circuit turns on, indicating the presence of a harmful signal.

Transient detection

The presence or absence of a waveform can be easily detected by the circuit in Figure 2.

Pulse or waveform detection circuit.

In order to detect the presence of the desired signal, pulse or waveform, use:

X = follower non-latching output circuit
LED = input diode of 6N139

f = frequency

Matrix optocoupler

Taking advantage of the 6N139’s low input LED current, the matrix can now be driven with a TTL output, as shown in Figure 3.

Optical coupling outside the matrix.

unloaded line receiver

For dummy loads, the 6N139 is compatible with the differential amplifier circuit of Figure 4.

Differential amplifier driver.

For a dummy no-load opto-isolator circuit, use:

X = follower non-latching output circuit
LED = input diode for 6N139
The current requirement at “in” will be less than 20μA.

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See how Huawei’s EMUI advances to create a humanized smart system through the Android 11 beta

In the early morning of June 11, Google directly launched the first Beta version of Android 11. On the whole, the new generation of Android does add some features that were not available before, and it has also strengthened the protection of security and privacy in all aspects, but if it is a domestic mobile phone user, after learning the details of the update, it should feel more stable than surprises. , Because whether it is the newly added long screen capture function or the direct dialogue function of the notification bar, it has already been implemented on the domestic OS system, especially Huawei EMUI.

Below, let's take a closer look at these "new features" that are no longer new in Android 11.

Scrolling screenshot and long screenshot function

After this Android 11 update, the Android system finally began to support native scrolling screenshots and long screenshots. In addition, a small preview image will appear after the native screenshot, with “Edit”, “Share” and “Extend” options, allowing users to take longer screenshots.

But as early as the EMUI4 period, Huawei mobile phones have realized the scrolling screenshot function, which matches Huawei’s knuckle screenshot technology in operation. Long pictures can be realized by drawing the letter “S” after the knuckles are tapped on the screen. Interception. While the operation is simple and fast, it is also very memorable and has always been loved by Huawei mobile phone users.

And manufacturers such as Xiaomi, OPPO, and vivo have also been polishing their screenshot functions in recent years. Therefore, for consumers holding domestic mobile phones today, sharing long screen screenshots of mobile phones in their daily lives has become a “basic operation” at their fingertips. The update efficiency of Android 11 in this regard is seriously lagging behind.

Intelligent assisted experience optimization

In the Android 11 update, there are two changes in the auxiliary functions-one is the magnification setting that supports the magnification gesture, and the other is the smart auxiliary function that can be quickly activated when the screen is locked.

The magnification gesture function can magnify the Display content of the mobile phone screen, which is convenient for users with poor eyesight to browse the mobile phone. Before the release of Android 11, Huawei EMUI already supports the quick start setting of the gesture zoom function. After the function is turned on, you can zoom in and out by tapping the screen three times in a row. At the same time, EMUI also has a quick way to open accessibility auxiliary functions. Whether you need screen reading, color correction, or color inversion, you can press and hold the volume up and down buttons of your Huawei phone for 3 seconds to start, even when the screen is locked. Can be used.

In order to help people with disabilities use mobile phones better, each update reflects the meticulous and sincere care of mobile phone manufacturers for disadvantaged groups. In this regard, Huawei EMUI and other OS systems are constantly working hard to continue to provide users with a more user-friendly operating experience.

Direct conversation function in notification bar

Speaking of Android 11’s few new features that can be perceived by ordinary users, the support for notification bar dialogue is one of them. After turning on the notification bar dialog function, users can quickly reply to messages in the mobile phone notification bar, and they can also send pictures directly.

The emergence of this feature solves the pain points of the user’s cumbersome steps when replying to messages, but in the strict sense, it is not an innovation of Android-because Huawei EMUI has long supported direct reply to SMS messages in the banner notification bar. In addition, when Huawei mobile phone users receive WeChat or QQ messages in the full-screen scene, they only need to click on the message banner to remind them, and they can also view and reply to the messages in the floating window that pops out. There is no need to switch or exit the application. The operation is simple. Never miss any important information again.

In terms of experience such as this, customized OS systems such as Huawei EMUI often go ahead of the native Android system. Through the deep cooperation of software and hardware, it creates intimate functions that fit the habits of domestic consumers, and the end users' praise is in turn. Promoted the improvement of the function settings of the Android system.

New power menu

The new Android 11 power menu shows a rearranged UI. The buttons for “emergency”, “power off”, “restart” and “screenshot” have been moved to the top of the screen, and most menus can be used for “quick controls” “. From the activity menu, you can see that Android 11 is expanding the ability to control smart home products, which means that Google is working hard in the direction of smart interconnection of multiple devices. In the future, the power menu of the Android system will not only be used to shut down or restart the phone, but will also be used more frequently by users to control multiple devices.

The 5G era has come. Smart IoT has moved from dream to reality. In terms of the experience of multi-device interconnection, Huawei EMUI is more advanced than OS systems including Apple IOS. For example, Huawei launched a new interactive function called “Multi-device Control Center” on EMUI 10.1 released in April this year, which is very similar to the new quick controls added in Android 11 above.

The multi-device control center of EMUI 10.1 brings a new entrance to the smart life of the whole scene. After activation, the collaboration between smart devices can be realized. All IoT devices connected to the mobile phone can be managed through it, such as turning on or turning off IoT devices, Mobile phone projection, multi-screen collaboration, etc. At the same time, it can also intelligently recommend nearby devices. When users watch videos, listen to music and make calls on their phones, a pop-up window will appear on the phone asking if they need to switch the current task to nearby devices. You can switch with one key to enjoy the best experience at any time. .

Huawei’s EMUI’s leadership in smart terminal interconnection benefits from the continuous innovation and progress of Huawei’s distributed technology. In addition to the multi-device control center, functions such as smooth communication, multi-screen collaboration, distributed gallery, and Cast + wireless projection are also available. Users bring a unique full-scene distributed experience in the industry. What people need to see is that the birth of these revolutionary technical capabilities is not endorsed by the native Android system, but can be achieved with Huawei’s own strong R&D investment and technical strength.

Stricter privacy authority and protection

Stricter system permissions and privacy protection are a major change in Android 11. In Android 11, when the mobile application wants to obtain the user’s location, microphone or camera permissions, the authorization interface adds the option “Only once”. After selecting this option, the application can only obtain one-time permission, as long as the user leaves Application, the application’s permission to access data ends here. The emergence of a permission permission helps reduce the abuse of private location or personal data by mobile applications.

Android 11 also promotes the standardization of “partitioned storage” application storage directories to ensure that applications cannot access user data at will, reducing the risk of privacy data leakage. At the same time, application spam data is stored in their own private directories, so that users will no longer see them, and a cleaner image gallery improves the user experience.

Huawei EMUI has always attached great importance to the management and control of privacy rights. It protects users’ security in all aspects through anti-counterfeiting base stations, privacy spaces, payment protection spaces, AI information protection, password safes, and security authentication, as mentioned above. Android 11 partition storage management, the new sandbox mode of EMUI 10 also has similar capabilities.

From the current point of view, Android 11’s measures to strengthen privacy permissions are worthy of recognition, especially the addition of one-time permission permissions. It is hoped that Huawei and other domestic manufacturers can also promote adaptation on their own OS systems as soon as possible.

Ordinary users have a dull perception of native system upgrades

In summary, since there are few changes and improvements in the visual and use of Android 11 this time, there are not many updates that ordinary users can obviously perceive. On the other hand, with the continuous deep customization and optimization of their own OS systems by various manufacturers in recent years, the difference between the mobile operating system and the original Android system experienced by users has become larger and larger. When taking screenshots and other functions, many users will also involuntarily ask “my Android phone has long been supported”.

Although the native Android system has its irreplaceable advantages, the upgrade highlights of the Android system have been more manifested in the improvement of application compatibility or the further opening of API interfaces, which are areas that global developers need to pay attention to. As a general consumer of domestic mobile phones, compared to what has been updated in Android 11, perhaps paying attention to the version update of Huawei EMUI or Xiaomi MIUI can gain deeper feelings and more surprises.

The Links:   https://www.slw-ele.com/lm057qc1t01r.html"> LM057QC1T01R   G121XN01-V0

Freescale MPC8308 wireless communication reference design

Freescale’s MPC8308 is a low-power PowerQUICC II Pro processor that integrates DDR2, eSDHC, PCI Express, eTSEC, USB, and IEEE® 1588. It uses an e300 core and has higher MIPS/MHZ performance. The processor works At 266, 333 and 400 MHz, it has 1.92 DMIPS/MHz performance, mainly used in WLAN wireless access points, wireless home base stations, smart grid home gateways, data concentrators, industrial control and factory automation. This article introduces the highlights of the MPC8308 processor , Main features and advantages, block diagram and main features, block diagram and circuit diagram of the MPC8308-RDB reference design platform.

The MPC8308 is a cost-effective, lowpower, highly integrated PowerQUICCprocessor designed to address the requirements of networking applications such as smart grid home energy gateways, data concentrators, wireless LAN access points, wireless femto base stations and industrial applications such as industrial control and factory automation. It extends the PowerQUICC II Pro family by balancing the higher MIPS/MHz performance provided by the e300 core with low power consumption at a very aggressive price.

For networking applications, the Gigabit Ethernet MACs support connectivity to the wired network while the PCI Express® and SDIO interfaces can offer connectivity to wireless LAN or 3G and 4G modem devices. The MPC8308 processor features integrated IEEE for applications such as time-sensitive telecommunications services , industrial network switches, powerline networks and test/measurement devices. All of these applications will be fully enabled with the MPC8308 processor and the low-cost evaluation board with optimized Linux and drivers. Freescale also works with thirdparty partners to enable application software for end user interfaces.

Core Complex

The MPC8308 processor incorporates the e300c3 (603e core compatible) core at 266, 333 and 400 MHz with 1.92 DMIPS/ MHz. The core, built on Power Architecture® technology, includes dual integer units as well as a modified multiply instruction.

These architectural enhancements enable more efficient operations to be executed in parallel, resulting in a significant performance improvement. The e300 core complex also includes 16 KB each of L1 instruction and data caches and on-chip memory management units (MMUs) with dual integer units and SP/DP FPU.

Cost-Effective Package

The MPC8308 processor is designed with a very low-cost 473-pin MAPBGA package at 0.8 mm pitch and 19 mm x 19 mm dimension. This smaller package dimension is suitable for small-footprint applications in single-board computing and other embedded networking applications.

Cost-Effective Reference Design Board

The MPC8308-RDB (reference design board) is available to customers for US$299. The kit includes Linux drivers to support all peripherals, along with a free six-month evaluation license for CodeWarrior™ development tools.

MPC8308 processor highlights:

Main features and advantages of MPC8308:

MPC8308 application:


Figure 1. MPC8308 block diagram

MPC8308-RDB reference design platform

The MPC8308-RDB reference platform is ideal for hardware and software development for embedded applications, including consumer printers, wireless access points, industrial control and factory automation equipment.It leverages the low-cost MPC8308 PowerQUICC® II Pro communications processor, built on Power Architecture ® technology, which is designed to meet the requirements of several low-end embedded networking applications with high-speed peripherals while striving for low power consumption and a small-footprint package design. The MPC8308-RDB integrates leading-edge external components: 5 x Gigabit Ethernet ports, 1 x USB 2.0, x1 mini PCI Express® connector and an SD/MMC card interface. The MPC8308 microprocessor supports dual 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet controllers, single-lane PCI Express, USB 2.0 controller, enhanced SDHC controller for SD memory interface, dual universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (DUART), serial peripherals, general-purpose I/O and system timers. This high level of integration in the MPC8308 processor helps to lower overall system costs, improve performance and simplify board design. The highspeed peripheral mix, combined with cost effectiveness, makes the MPC8308 processor a unique offering in the marketplace.

The MPC8308-RDB incorporates a preinstalled board support package (BSP) containing a boot loader (u-boot)—a generic Power Architecture technology system based on the Linux® kernel. The u-boot and Linux kernel reside in the on-board flash memory and launch when the board is powered up.

The MPC8308-RDB BSP takes advantage of the Linux Target Image Builder (LTIB)—a suite of tools that leverages existing open source configuration scripts and source code packages combining them all into a single BSP generation bundle. The source code packages, include boot loaders and Linux kernel sources, as well as many user-space source code packages, to build a complete BSP. The LTIB also provides compiler packages required to build the BSP. Freescale developers use the LTIB to create BSPs for a multitude of Freescale development markets.

The LTIB leverages as many BSP elements as possible for all Freescale markets supported, while offering the flexibility necessary to customize components that require platformspecific modifications.

Many third-party applications are available for the MPC8308-RDB. They are typically built on top of the BSP delivered by Freescale and can be installed on the hard disk.

Main features of MPC8308-RDB reference design:

• CPU: Freescale MPC8308 running at 400/133 MHz; CPU/coherent system bus (CSB)

• Memory subsystem:

— 128 MByte unbuffered DDR2 SDRAM discrete devices

— 8 MByte NOR flash single-chip memory

— 32 MByte NAND flash memory

— 256 Kbit M24256 serial EEPROM

• Interfaces:

— 10/100/1000 BaseT Ethernet ports:

– ETSEC1, RGMII: one 10/100/1000 BaseT RJ-45 interface using Realtek™ RTL8211B single port 10/100/1000 BaseT PHY

– ETSEC2, RGMII: five 10/100/1000 BaseT RJ-45 interfaces using Vitesse™ VSC7385 5-port L2 Gigabit Ethernet switch

— USB 2.0 port:

– High-speed host/device/OTG USB interface using external ULPI PHY interface by SMSC USB3300 USB PHY

— PCI Express:

– One mini PCI Express connector supporting half and full size mini PCI Express card

— ESDHC port:

– One SD card connector

— Dual UART ports:

– DUART interface: supports two UARTs up to 115200 bps for console Display

— I2C

– I2C connected to DallasTM DS1339 RTC with battery holder and AtmelTM AT24C08 Serial EEPROM

• Freescale MC9S08QG8 MCU (20-MHz HCS08 CPU) for fan control and soft start

— Support for Low Power / Wake on LAN. This can be MCU controlled or logic

• Board Connectors:

— 4 pins Power Jack connector

— Dual RS-232C connectors

— JTAG / COP for debugging

— IEEE® Std. 1588™ signals for test and measurement

— 8 pins SPI header for future expansion

• Form factor:

Figure 2. Outline drawing of MPC8308-RDB reference design board

Figure 3. Block diagram of MPC8308-RDB reference design

Figure 4. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (1)

Figure 5. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (2)

Figure 6. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (3)

Figure 7. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (4)

Figure 8. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (5)

Figure 9. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (6)

Figure 10. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (7)

Figure 11. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (8)

Figure 12. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (9)

Figure 13. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (10)

Figure 14. MPC8308-RDB reference design circuit diagram (11)
For details, see:
http://cache.freescale.com/files/32bit/doc/data_sheet/MPC8308EC.pdf
and
http://cache.freescale.com/files/32bit/doc/support_info/MPC8308RDBSCH.pdf?fpsp=1&WT_TYPE=Supporting%20Information&WT_VENDOR=FREESCALE&WT_FILE_FORMAT=pdf&WT_ASSET=Documentation

The Links:   2DI150ZA-100   LQ281L1LW14

How to use package antenna technology to simplify the design of 60GHz automotive in-vehicle radar sensor

“Packaged antenna technology can help radar sensor designers create and design sensors with ultra-small dimensions, which not only reduces workload and time to market, but also achieves system-level cost advantages. By implementing various applications such as child detection in the car, seat belt reminder, driver’s vital signs detection and gesture control, TI’s 60GHz AWR6843AOP sensor can simplify in-car sensing.

“

Millimeter-wave radar provides a main sensing method for automotive and industrial applications. Even in harsh environmental conditions, it can detect objects from a few centimeters to hundreds of meters away with excellent angle and speed accuracy at long distances.

A typical radar sensor includes a radar chipset and other Electronic components, such as power management circuits, flash memory, and interface peripherals, all of which are assembled on a printed circuit board (PCB). Transmitting antennas and receiving antennas are usually also implemented on PCBs, but to improve antenna performance, you need to use high-frequency substrate materials (such as Rogers RO3003), which will increase the cost and complexity of the PCB. In addition, the antenna may occupy up to 30% of the layout space (Figure 1).

Figure 1: The radar sensor antenna on the PCB occupies about 30% of the layout space

Package antenna technology

It is possible to design a millimeter wave sensor in which the antenna element is directly integrated into the package substrate, thereby reducing the size of the sensor and reducing the complexity of sensor design. Figure 2 shows a cavity-backed E-shaped patch antenna element that radiates millimeter waves at 60 GHz or 77 GHz into free space. By arranging multiple antenna elements in the package of the device, a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) array can be created, which can sense objects and people in a three-dimensional space.

Figure 2: Cavity-backed E-shaped patch antenna element

Figure 3 shows the arrangement of three transmitter antenna elements and four receiver antenna elements on the AWR6843AOP device. The antenna can achieve a wide field of view in the azimuth and elevation directions.

Figure 3: AWR6843AOP devices with packaged antenna elements form a MIMO array

The following table shows the main specifications of the antenna array.

Performance parameter	Performance value
Component gain	6.5dBi
bandwidth	5GHz
E-plane beam width	144 degrees
H beam width	110 degrees
Azimuth resolution	29 degrees
Elevation resolution	29 degrees
Angle estimation accuracy at the boresight	3 degrees

Table 1: Antenna element performance data

Package antenna technology can bring the following advantages to developers:

• Small size, can realize ultra-small sensor design. The radar sensor with TI package antenna technology is about 30% smaller than the sensor with antenna mounted on PCB.
• Since PCB stacking does not require expensive high-frequency substrate materials (such as Rogers RO3003), the bill of materials cost can be reduced.
• Because it is no longer necessary for antenna engineers to design antennas, use tools to simulate performance and design actual circuit boards to characterize the performance of different parameters, design costs can be reduced.
• Since the wiring from the silicon chip to the antenna is shorter, efficiency can be improved and power loss can be reduced.

For MIMO systems, it is very challenging to implement high-performance antennas in a small and cost-effective package solution. The existing solution is to arrange antenna elements on the top or bottom of the plastic package; when the radiated signal passes through the plastic package material, loss occurs, which reduces the efficiency and triggers the substrate mode that generates stray radiation. On the other hand, using flip-chip packaging technology, the antenna can be placed on a plastic-free substrate. In addition, antennas and silicon wafers can be overlapped on a multilayer substrate, making the solution more compact.

How encapsulated antenna technology can help achieve in-car sensing

With the European New Car Safety Evaluation Association and other global regulatory agencies working to solve the problem of children dying of heatstroke due to being left in the car, car manufacturers and first-tier manufacturers have begun to use 60GHz millimeter wave sensors to accurately detect the interior of the car, and even Children and pets in harsh environmental conditions.

In view of the different internal designs of vehicles, in order to achieve seamless integration, the external dimensions of the sensor must be very small. For example, it may be difficult to integrate the sensor into a car roof with a panoramic sunroof; instead, it must be integrated in a space-constrained location, such as a top console or pillar around a rearview mirror.

Figure 4: Comparison of PCB on-board antenna and package antenna in the sensor

The single-patch wide-field antenna on the sensor is very suitable to be placed under the roof lining of the vehicle, even in the front position of the column. The antenna supports various interior sensing applications, such as detecting and positioning children, pets, or passengers between two rows of seats (including footrests) in the car. The sensor operates in a low-power mode and can also perform intrusion detection under harsh environmental conditions.

Developers can also benefit from integrated digital signal processors (DSP), microcontroller units (MCU), radar hardware accelerators and on-chip memory. By integrating radio frequency, digital, and antenna components on a single chip, design complexity can be significantly reduced, helping to design faster and simpler.

The reference design for child and occupant detection in the car using the 60GHz packaged antenna millimeter wave sensor can provide detection results for children and adults in any seat position in the car. The sensor is placed on the roof of the car. Figures 5, 6 and 7 below show the results. Watch the video for more details.

Figure 5: Detecting a child in the rear seat of a car (using a doll to simulate a breathing baby) (video)

Figure 6: Detect and locate four occupants: the driver, the passenger, and an adult and a child in the rear seat (video)

Figure 7: Detecting intruders near the vehicle (video)

Packaged antenna technology can help radar sensor designers create and design sensors with ultra-small dimensions, which not only reduces workload and time to market, but also achieves system-level cost advantages. By implementing various applications such as child detection in the car, seat belt reminder, driver’s vital signs detection and gesture control, TI’s 60GHz AWR6843AOP sensor can simplify in-car sensing.

The Links:   6DI50C-050   EW50114NCW   LCD-INVERTER

Google Android 11 will natively support screen scrolling screenshots

As a very useful feature, many third-party Android customized UIs support screen scrolling screenshots. IT Home is informed that, in addition to the upcoming local screen recording, Google has finally begun to add screen scrolling screenshots to Android 11’s native functions.

Some foreign media pointed out that although the screen scrolling screenshots are currently not working properly, developers can preview this feature by manually enabling the UI.

▲Source: 9To5Google

IT Home understands that after the developer manually activates the UI elements, the “Extend” option will appear in the task bar after the screenshot, but clicking on the function will prompt “Not implemented!”.

In the past few years, Google has added many other useful functions of third-party customized UI to the native Android system, including blue light filtering, multi-window applications, and constant Display functions. But the scrolling screenshots that many users have been calling for have never been added.

The Links:   DMF660N   G190EG01-V0

ADI low-cost wireless ECGHolter monitor solution

Analog Devices (ADI)’s low-cost wireless ECG Holter monitor solution mainly uses 12-bit precision analog microcontroller ADuC7022, high-performance ISM band FSK/ASK transceiver ADF7022, low-cost instrumentation amplifier AD623, micro-power precision CMOS Operational amplifier AD8500 and low-power JFET amplifier AD8641 and other devices. This article introduces a typical single-channel ECG block diagram, a low-power and low-cost wireless ECG Holter monitor block diagram, as well as the main features and application circuits of the main devices.

The ECG signal is characterized by six peaks and valleys labeled with successive letters of the alphabet P, Q, R, S, T, and U.

Figure 1. The signal waveform of an electrocardiogram (ECG)

Figure 2. Block diagram of a typical single-channel ECG

Awireless Holter monitor–small enough to fit on the back side of an electrode–provides more accurate signals than traditional designs because noise and interference are greatly reduced. The circuit is inexpensive and capable of providing diagnostic-quality 1-lead ECG traces. A driven leg eliminates the need for a 60 Hz notch filter. Depending on the frequency band used, the transceiver (the ADF702x is shown below) and its surrounding circuitry will change. Patient comfort and privacy is greatly improved because all circuitry can be worn under clothing.

Figure 3. Low-power low-cost wireless ECG Holter monitor block diagram (1)

Figure 4. Low-power and low-cost wireless ECG Holter monitor block diagram (2): ADuC7022 replaces AD7466+MCU

Main component performance introduction:

ADUC7022: Precision Analog Microcontroller, 12-Bit Analog I/O, ARM7TDMI® MCU

The ADuC7019/20/21/22/24/25/26/27/28 are fully integrated, 1 MSPS, 12-bit data acquisition systems incorporating high performance multichannel ADCs, 16-bit/32-bit MCUs, and Flash/EE memory on a single chip.

The ADC consists of up to 12 single-ended inputs. An additional four inputs are available but are multiplexed with the four DAC output pins. The four DAC outputs are only available on certain models (ADuC7020 and ADuC7026). However, in many cases where the DAC outputs are not present, these pins can still be used as additional ADC inputs, giving a maximum of 16 ADC input channels. The ADC can operate in single-ended or differential input modes. The ADC input voltage is 0 V to VREF. A low drift band gap reference, temperature sensor, and voltage comparator complete the ADC peripheral set.

Depending on the part model, up to four buffered voltage output DACs are available on-chip. The DAC output range is programmable to one of three voltage ranges.

The devices operate from an on-chip oscillator and a PLL generating an internal high frequency clock of 41.78 MHz. This clock is routed through a programmable clock divider from which the MCU core clock operating frequency is generated. The microcontroller core is an ARM7TDMI, 16 -bit/32-bit RISC machine, which offers up to 41 MIPS peak performance. Eight kilobytes of SRAM and 62 kilobytes of nonvolatile Flash/EE memory are provided on-chip. The ARM7TDMI core views all memory and registers as a single linear array .

ADuC7022 application:

Industrial control and automation systems

Smart sensors, precision instrumentation

Base station systems, optical networking

Figure 5. ADuC7026 functional block diagram

http://www.analog.com/static/imported-files/data_sheets/ADUC7019_7020_7021_7022_7024_7025_7026_7027_7028.pdf

High Performance, ISM Band, FSK/ASK Transceiver IC ADF7020

The ADF7020 is a low power, highly integrated FSK/ASK/OOK transceiver designed for operation in the license-free ISM bands at 433 MHz, 868 MHz, and 915 MHz, as well as the proposed Japanese RFID band at 950 MHz. A Gaussian data filter option is available to allow either GFSK or G-ASK modulation, which provides a more spectrally efficient modulation. In addition to these modulation options, the ADF7020 can also be used to perform both MSK and GMSK modulation, where MSK is a special case of FSK with a modulation index of 0.5. The modula-tion index is calculated as twice the deviation divided by the data rate. MSK is spectrally equivalent to O-QPSK modulation with half-sinusoidal Tx baseband shaping, so the ADF7020 can also support this modulation option by setting up the device in MSK mode.

Main features of ADF7020:

Low power, low IF transceiver

Frequency bands

431 MHz to 478 MHz

862 MHz to 956 MHz

Data rates supported

0.15 kbps to 200 kbps, FSK

0.15 kbps to 64 kbps, ASK

2.3 V to 3.6 V power supply

Programmable output power

−16 dBm to +13 dBm in 0.3 dBm steps

Receiver sensitivity

−119 dBm at 1 kbps, FSK

−112 dBm at 9.6 kbps, FSK

−106.5 dBm at 9.6 kbps, ASK

Low power consumption

19 mA in receive mode

26.8 mA in transmit mode (10 dBm output)

−3 dBm IIP3 in high linearity mode

On-chip VCO and fractional-N PLL

On-chip 7-bit ADC and temperature sensor

Fully automatic frequency control loop (AFC) compensates for ±25 ppm crystal at 862 MHz to 956 MHz or ±50 ppm at 431 MHz to 478 MHz

Digital RSSI

Integrated Tx/Rx switch

Leakage current of <1 μA in power-down mode

ADF7020 application:

Low cost wireless data transfer

Remote control/security systems

Wireless metering

Keyless entry

Home automation

Process and building control

Wireless voice

Figure 6. ADF7020 block diagram

Figure 7. ADF7020 application circuit

http://www.analog.com/static/imported-files/data_sheets/ADF7020.pdf

AD623: Single Supply, Rail-Rail, Low Cost Instrumentation Amplifier

The AD623 is an integrated single-supply instrumentation amplifier that delivers rail-to-rail output swing on a 3 V to 12 V supply. The AD623 offers superior user flexibility by allowing single gain set resistor programming and by conforming to the 8-lead industry standard pinout configuration. With no external resistor, the AD623 is configured for unity gain (G = 1), and with an external resistor, the AD623 can be programmed for gains up to 1000.

The AD623 holds errors to a minimum by providing superior ac CMRR that increases with increasing gain. Line noise, as well as line harmonics, are rejected because the CMRR remains constant up to 200 Hz. The AD623 has a wide input common-mode range and can amplify signals that have a common-mode voltage 150 mV below ground. Although the design of the AD623 was optimized to operate from a single supply, the AD623 still provides superior performance when operated from a dual voltage supply (±2.5 V to ±6.0 V).

Low power consumption (1.5 mW at 3 V), wide supply voltage range, and rail-to-rail output swing make the AD623 ideal for battery-powered applications. The rail-to-rail output stage maximizes the dynamic range when operating from low supply voltages. The AD623 replaces discrete instrumentation amplifier designs and offers superior linearity, temperature stability, and reliability in a minimum of space.

AD623 application:

Low power medical instrumentation

Transducer interfaces

Thermocouple amplifiers

Industrial process controls

Difference amplifiers

Low power data acquisition

Figure 8. AD623 simplified function diagram

http://www.analog.com/static/imported-files/data_sheets/AD623.pdf

AD8500: Micropower Precision CMOS Operational Amplifier

The AD8500 is a low power, precision CMOS op amp featuring a maximum supply current of 1 μA. The AD8500 has a maximum offset voltage of 1 mV and a typical input bias current of 1 pA, and it operates rail-to-rail on both the input and output. The AD8500 can operate from a single-supply voltage of +1.8 V to +5.5 V or a dual-supply voltage of ±0.9 V to ±2.75 V.

With its low power consumption, low input bias current, and rail-to-rail input and output, the AD8500 is ideally suited for a variety of battery-powered portable applications. Potential applications include ECGs, pulse monitors, glucose meters, smoke and fire detectors, vibration monitors, and backup battery sensors.

The ability to swing rail-to-rail at both the input and output helps maximize dynamic range and signal-to-noise ratio in systems that operate at very low voltages. The low offset voltage allows the AD8500 to be used in systems with high gain without having excessively large output offset errors, and it provides high accuracy without the need for system calibration.

The AD8500 is fully specified over the industrial temperature range (−40℃ to +85℃) and is operational over the extended industrial temperature range (−40℃ to +125℃). It is available in a 5-lead, SC70 surface- mount package.

AD8500 application:

Portable Equipment

Remote Sensors

Low Power Filters

Threshold Detectors

http://www.analog.com/static/imported-files/data_sheets/AD8500.pdf

AD8641: Low Power, Rail – to – Rail Output Precision JFET Amplifier in 5-lead SC70 and 8-lead SOIC lead-free packages

The AD8641/AD8642/AD8643 are low power, precision JFET input amplifiers featuring extremely low input bias current and rail-to-rail output. The ability to swing nearly rail-to-rail at the input and rail-to-rail at the output enables designers to buffer CMOS DACs, ASICs, and other wide output swing devices in single-supply systems. The outputs remain stable with capacitive loads of more than 500 pF.

The AD8641/AD8642/AD8643 are suitable for applications utilizing multichannel boards that require low power to manage heat. Other applications include photodiodes, ATE reference level drivers, battery management, and industrial controls.

The AD8641/AD8642/AD8643 are fully specified over the extended industrial temperature range of –40°C to +125°C. The AD8641 is available in 5-lead SC70 and 8-lead SOIC lead-free packages. The AD8642 is available in 8-lead MSOP and 8-lead SOIC lead-free packages. The AD8643 is available in 14-lead SOIC and 16-lead, 3 mm × 3 mm, LFCSP lead-free packages.

AD864x applications:

Line-/battery-powered instruments

Photodiode amplifiers

Precision current sensing

Medical instrumentation

Industrial controls

Precision filters

Portable audio

The Links:   RM500UZ-H   NL2432HC22-25B

2022 China Urban Brain Construction Expo and China Intelligent Command Center Construction and Application Exhibition

In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, adhere to and improve the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, accelerate the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and improve the legalization and intelligence level of municipal governance, make full use of big data and cloud computing. , Internet of Things, blockchain, 5G, artificial intelligence, digital twins and other new-generation information technologies to promote the construction of urban brains has become an important starting point for modern urban governance and high-quality social and economic development.

As the brain center of the city, the city operation command center provides all-round functions such as city state operation, intelligence fusion, situation analysis, early warning and prediction, decision-making and command, simulation and deduction, and supports inter-departmental, cross-industry, and cross-system interconnection and collaboration. At present, hundreds of cities across the country have successively put forward requirements and plans related to the construction of urban brains. In order to better serve the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and use command and control science and technology to help build urban brains, it is guided by the China Association for Science and Technology, co-hosted by the Chinese Society of Command and Control and the China Remote Sensing Application Association, and directed by Beijing Insight Letter The China Urban Brain Construction Expo hosted by China Convention & Exhibition Co., Ltd. is scheduled to be held at the Beijing National Convention Center from May 23 to 25, 2022. At the same time, the National Urban Governance and Urban Brain Summit will be held with the theme: Building a Smart City Brain and Leading the Innovation of the Governance System . According to the plan and arrangement of the organizing committee, the relevant matters are hereby notified as follows, please refer to the attachment for details.

Exhibitor Guide

1. The name of the exhibition

2022China Urban Brain Construction Expo

National City Governance and City Brain Summit

2. Organization

Guiding unit: China Association for Science and Technology

Sponsor: Chinese Society of Command and Control

China Computer Industry Association

China Remote Sensing Application Association

China Electronics Information Industry Group Co., Ltd.

Co-organizer: Institute of Aerospace Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Zhejiang Urban Brain Industry Alliance

Zhejiang Smart City Promotion Association

Zhongguancun City Brain Industry Alliance

Supporting unit: China Electronics Technology Group Co., Ltd.

China Information and Communication Technology Group Co., Ltd.

Organizer: Beijing Insight Letters Exhibition Co., Ltd.

3. Time and place

Exhibition time: May 23-25, 2022

Exhibition Venue: National Convention Center (No. 7 Tianchen East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing)

Exhibition area: 22,000 square meters, 1,200 standard booths

4. Concurrent Activities

Theme Conference: National City Governance and City Brain Summit

Special Forum: Public Security Knowledge Sharing Security Conference Civil Air Defense Command Center Construction Forum

ATC Command Center Construction Forum Emergency Command Center Construction Forum

Energy Command Center Construction Forum Public Security Information Center Construction Forum

Traffic Command Center Construction Forum Urban Operation Center Construction Forum

5. Display Scope

Intelligent command center exhibition area: system overall, cloud network and communication, data and storage, network security and protection, LED display and projection system, display console and distributed agent management system, interactive control system, smart security monitoring, audio and video splicing Operation and maintenance technologies and products such as fusion processors, paperless conference systems, video and image transmission, transmission channel mutual backup equipment, multimedia audio and video dispatch systems, dispatch call systems, etc.

New data center exhibition area: information network support, data computing and storage, data acquisition and processing, data security and confidentiality, data mining and presentation, data management and backup, data recovery, data research and judgment, data cloud box, electrical energy storage, UPS power supply, Integrated wiring, data center operation and maintenance and other technical products.

Information technology innovation exhibition area: cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, sensors, artificial intelligence, 5G and blockchain, chips, middleware, databases, servers, switches, operating systems, edge computing, knowledge graphs, business software, network information System, computer software, security, intelligent terminals, conference systems, printers, OA and other system integration solutions.

6. Charges

Standard booth: 18,000 yuan/9m2; double-opening standard booth fee: 19,800 yuan/9m2, the standard booth includes carpet, two to three hoardings, company name lintel, one consultation table, two chairs, two spotlights, power supply One socket.

Open space booth: 1800 yuan/m2 (36m2 minimum rent); open space booths do not have any display racks and facilities, exhibitors can build their own or entrust the organizing committee to build them.

7. Invited units

It is planned to invite all smart cities across the country, municipal management, national civil air defense, border and coastal defense, national air traffic control, emergency management, ecological environment, transportation, public security (110+ traffic police), airport dispatch, water conservancy system, customs system, port dispatch, meteorological center , forest emergency, power grid dispatch, petrochemical, judicial departments, safety production and other energy command centers and related units.

8. Case selection

National social governance solutions, urban brain construction solutions, new data center construction solutions, intelligent command center construction solutions, information technology innovation application solutions and other new technology and new application innovation achievements. Excellent solutions will be issued a certificate by the organizing committee and will be promoted for free on the official website and WeChat public account (no fee will be charged for this selection).

9. Media Promotion

It is planned to invite CCTV, Beijing TV, Science and Technology Daily, Guangming Daily, China Daily, Xinhuanet, People’s Daily Online, World Wide Web, Chinanews.com, China.com, Guangming.com, CDC, China Youth Daily, Netease, Sina, Sohu, Today Toutiao, Communication World, China Projection Network, China Intelligent Network, IT168, Internet of Things World, Smart City Network, Digital Audiovisual Network, Information Supervisor Network, CIO Times Network, Audio and Video Engineering Network, Projection Times Network, Command and Dispatch Network, etc. 100 Multiple industry media.

10. Contact information

Address: 16th Floor, Building 2, Chang’an Center, Financial Street, Shijingshan District, Beijing

Zheng Shiyu: 17200327025 (same number on WeChat)

URL:www.ccbce.cn Email: zhengshiyu@djexpo.cn

The Links:   LA084X01-SL01   LM12S49